Brucellosis

[unable to retrieve full-text content] Fungus modified with spider venom offers new hope in fight against malaria    CNN A fungus weaponized with a spider toxin can kill malaria mosquitoes    Science News Transgenic fungus shows huge promise for malaria control in West Africa    Alliance for Science Transgenic Metarhizium rapidly kills mosquitoes in a malaria-endemic region of Burkina Faso    Science Magazine GM fungus rapidly kills 99% of malaria mosquitoes, study suggests    BBC News View full coverage on Google News https://cnn.it/2EKfW4C

Research led by Ashok Aiyar, PhD, Associate Professor of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology at LSU Health New Orleans School of Medicine, has identified a target that may lead to the development of new treatments for the most common sexually transmitted infection in the US. The results are published this month online in PNAS, available here. Chlamydia is caused by infection with Chlamydia trachomatis bacteria. It can affect both the urogenital tract and the eyes. If untreated, the outcome of both ocular and genital infections can be severe. Ocular Chlamydia infections are the leading cause of infectious blindness, and genital infections can lead to infertility. The health of infants born vaginally to infected mothers is also often severely compromised. Chlamydia trachomatis bacteria need the essential amino acid, tryptophan, to survive. They are dependent upon their host cells, or the microbiome, to provide it. Genital Chlamydia strains have a unique mechanism to avoid tryp...

The Union Cabinet at its first meeting on Friday cleared an initiative for controlling Foot and Mouth Disease (FMD) and Brucellosis to support livestock rearing farmers. Talking to reporters after the cabinet meeting, Information and Broadcasting Minister Prakash Javadekar said the initiative will benefit crores of farmers and improve the health of animals. "This decision indicates the spirit of compassion towards those animals who are a valued part of our planet but are not able to speak. The Cabinet has cleared a total outlay of Rs 13,343 crores to fully control these diseases amongst the livestock in the country in the next five years and subsequently eradicate these diseases," he said. He said that in case of FMD, the scheme envisages vaccination coverage to 30 crore bovines (cows-bulls and buffaloes) and 20 crore sheep/goat and 1 crore pigs at six months' interval along with primary vaccination in bovine calves. The Brucellosis control programme shall...

Brucellosis is a bacterial infection that spreads from animals to people most often via unpasteurized milk, cheese and other dairy products. More rarely, the bacteria that cause brucellosis can spread through the air or through direct contact with infected animals. The infection can usually be treated successfully with antibiotics. Avoiding unpasteurized dairy products and taking precautions while working with animals or in pathogy laboratories may prevent brucellosis. Brucella are small aerobic intracellular organisms which localize in the reproductive organs of host animals, causing abortions and sterility. They usually spread through fliuds such as animal’s urine, milk, placental fluid, and others Key Players: Hester Biosciences Limited, ATA FEN Inc., Biogénesis-Bagó S.A., Biopharma, Biovet, Calier & Biologicos Laverlam, Merck Animal Health (MSD Animal Health), Colorado Serum Company, Indian Immunologicals Limited, Dollvet, Veterinary Technologies Corporation, China Animal Hu...

Last week, President Donald Trump unveiled a $16 billion plan to lift up farmers affected by the trade war with China, the second round of aid payments to farmers squeezed by retaliatory tariffs. With many of the details still left to be worked out, one of the primary differences is that these new subsidies will be doled out to farmers based on acreage. Last year’s $12 billion in federal money from a tariff relief program was based on production, said Steve Deller, a professor with UW-Madison's agricultural and applied economics program. The subsidy payments will be made this year in three installments: the first in July, the second in the fall and the third in January. Not all farmers will be eligible for it; only those affected by the trade dispute. Last year, soybean commodities took the brunt of fallout from the trade wars, leading soybean farmers to collect a majority portion of the bailout. In an interview with Rob Ferrett of "Central Time," Deller said the ...

In the next few years, Indonesia is expected to jump from a lower-middle to an upper-middle economic position, according to its gross national income per capita. However, beneath the economic growth, there is an iceberg of a threat from a triple burden of diseases: infectious diseases, noncommunicable diseases (NCD) and reemerging diseases.Without significant intervention, in the long run the burden will become a plague that hinders the growth of human resources and economic growth as a whole.Tobacco has been one of the issues over which the government is still in limbo choosing between economic growth and the quality of human resources. As a country with the largest prevalence of male smokers in the world, tobacco is a commodity that contributes to the state revenues. On the other hand, tobacco consumption has a very broad impact not only on health, but also on other socioeconomic aspec... Log in with your social account http://bit.ly/2Kgq2hb

In July last year, South Africa became the first country to roll out a new anti-tuberculosis drug in its national programme. This new drug, called bedaquiline, is the first new anti-tuberculosis drug to be developed in four decades. It improves the survival of patients with multidrug resistant TB, potentially offering a shorter treatment time with fewer side effects. Scientists from Stellenbosch University (SU), in collaboration with a multidisciplinary team of researchers and clinicians, are now trying to conserve this life-saving treatment by studying how Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the bacterium that causes TB, can develop resistance to this drug. Their findings will be used to inform tuberculosis treatment guidelines to ensure that the right combination of anti-tuberculosis drugs are used along with bedaquiline in order to optimize patient treatment outcomes, while minimizing the risk of developing resistance to the drug. "We need to protect bedaquiline from the developmen...

Research led by Ashok Aiyar, PhD, Associate Professor of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology at LSU Health New Orleans School of Medicine, has identified a target that may lead to the development of new treatments for the most common sexually transmitted infection in the US. The results are published this month online in PNAS, available here. Chlamydia is caused by infection with Chlamydia trachomatis bacteria. It can affect both the urogenital tract and the eyes. If untreated, the outcome of both ocular and genital infections can be severe. Ocular Chlamydia infections are the leading cause of infectious blindness, and genital infections can lead to infertility. The health of infants born vaginally to infected mothers is also often severely compromised. Chlamydia trachomatis bacteria need the essential amino acid, tryptophan, to survive. They are dependent upon their host cells, or the microbiome, to provide it. Genital Chlamydia strains have a unique mechanism to avoid tryp...

No new cases of tuberculosis among Discovery High School students and staff have been reported, but the school’s principal told parents this week that some members of the school community will have to undergo a second test just to be sure. Principal Marci Sledge said students and staff who were screened for TB during the initial round of testing in March are being required by local health officials to be screened for the disease for a second time. These were the first people to be tested for the disease after the Gwinnett County Health Department notified school officials that a student had diagnosed with TB. “These are the people who were initially identified as having close and continuous contact with the student who was diagnosed as having active TB,” Sledge said in the letter. Information outlining how the second round of testing was not included in Sledge’s letter to parents, but Gwinnett County Public Schools spokeswoman Sloan Roach said the tests are to be complete...

Fear of tuberculosis (TB) infection is rooted in historical and social memories of the disease, marked by stigma, segregation and exclusion. Healthcare workers (HCWs) face these same fears today, and even seek to hide their TB status when infected. This study by Engelbrecht, et al. (2019) sought to investigate factors associated with HCWs fears of acquiring TB while at work, including selected biographic characteristics, TB knowledge, infection control and perceptions that their colleagues stigmatize co-workers with TB/ presumed to have TB. In the Free State Province, South Africa, a representative sample of 882 HCWs from eight hospitals completed self-administered questionnaires on issues related to fear of occupationally acquired TB, infection control, TB knowledge and workplace TB stigma. The data were analysed using descriptive statistics as well as binomial logistic regression. Most of the HCWs (67.2%) were concerned about contracting TB at work. Support staff were less likely ...

A fungus engineered to produce a spider toxin could help take down insecticide-resistant mosquitoes that can spread malaria. In a netted, outdoor experiment in Burkina Faso, the genetically engineered fungus wiped out mosquito populations within two generations, researchers report in the May 31 Science . If the result holds up in a real-world situation, the modified fungus may one day become a tool for controlling mosquitoes that can transmit the deadly disease. In 2017, an estimated 219 million people in 87 countries were infected with malaria, and 435,000 died, according to the World Health Organization. Africa carried most of the malaria burden, with 92 percent of cases and 93 percent of deaths occurring on the continent that year.  The fungus Metarhizium pingshaense, long known to infect and kill mosquitoes, was made even deadlier to the insects by the addition of a gene that produces a spider bite toxin called Hybrid. Researchers engineered the fungus to make Hybrid in th...

(The Conversation is an independent and nonprofit source of news, analysis and commentary from academic experts.) Antonis Rokas, Vanderbilt University (THE CONVERSATION) Bed nets. Insecticides. Sterile and genetically modified insects. Now scientists are adding a genetically engineered toxic fungus to the arsenal of weapons to wipe out mosquitoes that carry the malaria parasite. Although insecticides and insecticide-laced bed nets, by far the two most commonly employed strategies, have effectively lowered the numbers of infections and deaths, the global malaria burden has failed to decline in the last few years. In 2017, 219 million people were infected with malaria and an estimated 435,000 died. That is because mosquitoes are evolving resistance to insecticides. The rapid evolution of resistance is a common and recurrent theme in our arms races against malaria transmitting mosquitoes, as well as against pests and pathogens in general. Over time, organisms mutate and evolve resist...

Research led by Ashok Aiyar, PhD, associate professor of microbiology, immunology and parasitology at LSU Health New Orleans School of Medicine, has identified a target that may lead to the development of new treatments for the most common sexually transmitted infection in the U.S. The results are published this month online in PNAS, available here. Chlamydia is caused by infection with Chlamydia trachomatis bacteria. It can affect both the urogenital tract and the eyes. If untreated, the outcome of both ocular and genital infections can be severe. Ocular Chlamydia infections are the leading cause of infectious blindness, and genital infections can lead to infertility. The health of infants born vaginally to infected mothers is also often severely compromised. Chlamydia trachomatis bacteria need the essential amino acid, tryptophan, to survive. They are dependent upon their host cells, or the microbiome, to provide it. Genital Chlamydia strains have a unique mechanism to avoid trypt...

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SEOUL, May 30 (UPI) -- North Korea , which has one of the world's highest rates of tuberculosis, is facing a crisis as a shortfall of life-saving drugs looms, according to the head of a humanitarian aid organization. Stephen Linton, chairman of the Eugene Bell Foundation , a not-for-profit organization that provides humanitarian aid to North Korea, said during a meeting with reporters in Seoul on Tuesday that stocks of TB drugs are scheduled to run out by June 2020 and if new drugs are not ordered soon there will be a "potential catastrophe." The main supplier of the medicine to the country since 2010, international aid organization The Global Fund to Fight AIDS, Tuberculosis and Malaria, abruptly withdrew from North Korea last June, citing concerns about the "level of assurance and risk management" in the country. Linton estimates that there are 130,000 patients treating tuberculosis with drugs that were supplied by the Global Fund. "If these dru...

[unable to retrieve full-text content] Novel lipoarabinomannan point-of-care tuberculosis test for people with HIV: a diagnostic accuracy study    The Lancet Most tuberculosis-related deaths in people with HIV could be prevented with earlier diagnosis and treatment. The only commercially available tuberculosis ... http://bit.ly/2JMXVHa

In July last year, South Africa became the first country to roll out a new anti-tuberculosis drug in its national programme. This new drug, called bedaquiline, is the first new anti-tuberculosis drug to be developed in four decades. It improves the survival of patients with multidrug resistant TB, potentially offering a shorter treatment time with fewer side effects. Scientists from Stellenbosch University (SU), in collaboration with a multidisciplinary team of researchers and clinicians, are now trying to conserve this life-saving treatment by studying how Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the bacterium that causes TB, can develop resistance to this drug. Their findings will be used to inform tuberculosis treatment guidelines to ensure that the right combination of anti-tuberculosis drugs are used along with bedaquiline in order to optimise patient treatment outcomes, while minimising the risk of developing resistance to the drug. "We need to protect bedaquiline from the developme...

On April 30, 1983, the Gay Men’s Health Crisis held a fund-raiser at Madison Square Garden, billing it as “The Biggest Gay Event of All Time.” The main entertainment was a performance by the Ringling Bros. and Barnum & Bailey Circus. Beforehand, a distinguished attendee led a rendition of “The Star-Spangled Banner,” as the AIDS activist Larry Kramer recounts in his book “ Reports from the Holocaust ”: “Leonard Bernstein walking across the length of Madison Square Garden in his white dinner jacket to conduct the circus orchestra in the national anthem, while eighteen thousand gay men and their friends and families cheered, was one of the most moving moments I have ever experienced.” Kramer goes on to say that the event went unmentioned in the Times . Under the editorship of Abe Rosenthal, a notorious homophobe, the Times greeted the early years of the AIDS epidemic with coldness and silence. The American classical-music world, in which Bernstein had achieved incomparable fame, ...

The Gainesville branch of Action Ministries is exiting a state-funded program that provides housing assistance to low-income residents with HIV/AIDS. That leaves the entire Northeast Georgia service area in need of a new provider for the Housing Opportunities for Persons With Aids program, commonly known as HOPWA. But a replacement is expected. The state currently funds nine regional HOPWA programs through the Department of Community Affairs, with Action Ministries serving the Northeast Georgia region. Kelly Henderson, chief executive officer of Action Ministries, which is headquartered in Atlanta, said the decision was made in keeping with the ministry’s aim to refocus its mission on hunger relief, housing assistance for homeless individuals and low-income families, and educational programs for children in need in 50 counties across Georgia. Housing assistance, in particular, is “still a huge part of what we do,” Henderson said, adding that Action Ministries provides permanent ho...

Abstract Background Malaria control activities can have a disproportionately greater impact on Plasmodium falciparum than on P . vivax in areas where both species are coendemic. We investigated temporal trends in malaria-related morbidity and mortality in Papua, Indonesia, before and after introduction of a universal, artemisinin-based antimalarial treatment strategy for all Plasmodium species. Methods and findings A prospective, district-wide malariometric surveillance system was established in April 2004 to record all cases of malaria at community clinics and the regional hospital and maintained until December 2013. In March 2006, antimalarial treatment policy was changed to artemisinin combination therapy for uncomplicated malaria and intravenous artesunate for severe malaria due to any Plasmodium species. Over the study period, a total of 418,238 patients presented to the surveillance facilities with malaria. The proportion of patients with malaria requiring admission t...