Brucellosis

Introduction According to the Global Cancer Statistics 2020 report, the incidence of cancer is increasing year by year, which seriously affects human health and social development. Specifically, there were 19.3 million new cancer cases and nearly 10 million deaths from cancer in 2020. 1,2 Chemotherapy is an important treatment option for cancer patients. However, nausea and vomiting often occur during chemotherapy, which is known as chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV). CINV is one of the most disturbing symptoms of cancer patients after chemotherapy, which reduces their quality of life, and its incidence is as high as 80%–90%. 3–5 Severe nausea and vomiting can lead to complications such as water and electrolytic disorders, malnutrition, decreased body immunity, and delayed wound healing, all of which can seriously affect the treatment and prognosis of patients. 6 Currently, drugs such as dexamethasone, 5-HT 3 and NK-1 receptor antagonists are mostly recommended int...

ProAir Digihaler Inhalation Powder is indicated for the treatment or prevention of bronchospasm in those with reversible obstructive airway disease and for the prevention of exercise-induced bronchospasm. A recent study based around newly established clinical thresholds on the use of short-acting beta agonists (SABA) show the potential of real-world SABA use among individuals with asthma and illustrate the efficacy of the ProAir Digihaler (albuterol sulfate; Teva Pharmaceutical Industries) inhalation powder, according to a Teva press release. The study found that approximately one-third of patients with asthma had 138 or more inhalations over the course of a 12-week study period, equal to 600 or more inhalations, or 3 or more canisters per year, according to the study. The authors defined valid inhalations as events in which the patient inhales at a peak inspiratory flow (PIF) rate between >18 to <120 liters/minute with no errors in use. "Many patie...

The global prevalence of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) is estimated to be around 4.4 billion [1], with the majority affected in developing countries, where H. pylori could infect up to 80% of the population, than in developed ones [2]. In China, the prevalence of H. pylori infection in the year 2015 was 66% among rural populations and 47% in urban settings [3]. Variation in calculating the population of affected individuals depends on several demographic factors such as age, race, and socioeconomic status [2].  Chronic infection of the pathogenic organism results in inflammation of gastric mucosa and associated lymphatics, leading to erosion or cancer development [3]. It is also related to the development of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, vitamin B12 deficiency, and iron deficiency [2]. Until recently, a triple antibiotic regimen containing omeprazole, macrolide, and penicillin-like antibiotics are used as standard thera...

Share on Pinterest A new lab study finds that the antimalarial drug atovaquone can stop the coronavirus from replicating in human lung cells. JJ van Ginkel/Getty Images An antimalarial is the latest drug that researchers have identified as a potential COVID-19 treatment. In a laboratory study, scientists found that atovaquone inhibited replication of SARS-CoV-2 in human lung cells. The effects occurred in vitro against Alpha, Beta, and Delta variants. Clinical trials are necessary to see whether it is possible to repeat these results in people with COVID-19. With Omicron spreading at an alarming rate and the global deaths from COVID-19 now well over 5 million, the hunt for effective treatments against COVID-19 is becoming ever-more urgent. Scientists have considered many drugs, but few have realized any early promise. Even molnupiravir, hailed by many as a COVID-19 game-changer, does not seem to be living up to the hype. In clinical trials, the real-world efficacy in preventing severe ...

Athlete's foot is a fungal infection that causes an itchy and scaly rash between the toes. If left untreated, the infection can spread to other parts of the foot, such as the heels, soles, and sides of the feet. The fungi that cause athlete's foot, known as dermophytes , tend to grow on feet that are damp for extended periods. Athlete's foot is incredibly contagious and can spread in various situations and conditions. This article discusses how the fungus that causes athlete's foot is transmitted and how long the infection is contagious. bymuratdeniz / Getty Images. How Does Athlete's Foot Spread? Athlete's foot is so contagious that roughly 20% to 25% of the world's population has had it at some point in their lives. There are three main methods by which the infection spreads: When the scales from the rash that develops shed and someone comes into contact with them When someone comes into contact wit...

Vaginal boils can be caused by ingrown hairs, injuries, or wearing underwear that's too small. They usually are painful, have a pus filled tip, and eventually rupture and drain pus. You should see a doctor if your boil isn't improving after three days or you have a fever.  If you have a painful bump in your pubic regions, it could be a boil. Boils usually: Are painful  Have a pus filled tip Can be small or up to two inches wide Are red or purple  Eventually rupture on their own, resulting in pus drainage A boil will typically show up on the pubic mound or the outer labia on the vulva, says Kecia Gaither, MD, MPH, board-certified OB-GYN and Director of Perinatal Services at NYC Health + Hospitals/Lincoln. This is because they're most common in areas that grow hair.  Boils on the vulva can start...

What Is Plavix?  Plavix (clopidogrel) is an oral tablet prescription medication used to prevent blood clots in people with certain risk factors. It is an antiplatelet medication (blood thinner), also known as a platelet aggregation inhibitor, that reduces the risk of harmful blood clots forming in blood vessels throughout the body. Plavix works by binding to platelets, which are small blood cells that stick together to stop or prevent excessive bleeding. Drug Facts Generic Name: Clopidogrel Brand Name(s): Plavix Administration Route(s): Oral Drug Availability: Prescription Therapeutic Classification: Platelet aggregation inhibitor Available Generically: Yes Controlled Substance: N/A Active Ingredient: Clopidogrel Dosage Form(s): Tablet What Is Plavix Used For? Plavix is indicated to reduce the risk of harmful blood clots in people with certain risk factors. The Food and Drug Administration has approved it for use in acute coron...