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treatment of nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease :: Article Creator

Nontuberculous Mycobacterial (NTM) Infection Program

Content

Initial Evaluation

Diagnosis of NTM infections can be challenging because the symptoms can be similar to other lung diseases, like tuberculosis and lung cancer. Typically, a diagnosis is made by identifying the bacteria in a culture grown from a sputum sample (the substance that's coughed up from the lungs), but other diagnostic tests may be necessary.

Access to prior records and testing is vital to develop a timely, personalized treatment plan. Depending on how recent your previous testing is, we may also coordinate pulmonary function testing and imaging with your initial visit.

  • Sputum testing
  • CT imaging
  • Blood testing
  • EKG
  • Immunology evaluation
  • Consideration of thoracic surgery consultation in localized disease

    • Monitoring of Disease

    Monitoring nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) infections primarily involves clinical evaluation, imaging studies, and microbiologic cultures. By consistently monitoring the disease in these ways, our multi-disciplinary team can make informed decisions about adjusting treatment, assessing the risk of complications, and ultimately improving your health outcomes.

  • Spirometry
  • Sputum cultures
  • Imaging
  • Oxygen needs assessment
  • Venous blood gas
  • Audiology referral

    • Treatment

    Treatment for NTM infections usually involves a combination of antibiotics. The exact medications and length of treatment depend on the type of NTM causing the infection and the patient's overall health. Additional treatments may include pulmonary rehabilitation to improve lung functions. In some cases, surgery may be considered to remove the infected tissue, particularly if the infection is localized to a specific lung area.

  • Oral and/or intravenous medications.
  • Pulmonary hygiene/airway clearance optimization.
  • Meeting with respiratory therapist
  • Consideration of thoracic surgery in localized disease.

    • Understanding Types Of Nontuberculous Mycobacteria

    Photo Credit: iStockphoto / Getty Images

    SOURCES:

    CDC: "Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIs) – Nontuberculous Mycobacteria (NTM)," "Healthcare-Associated Infections (HAIS) – Clinicians."

    Clinics in Chest Medicine: "Nontuberculous Mycobacteria Infections in Immunosuppressed Hosts."

    Annals of the American Thoracic Society: "Incidence and Prevalence of Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Lung Disease in a Large U.S. Managed Care Health Plan, 2088-2015."

    Pathogens: "Non-Tuberculous Mycobacterial Diseases in Children."

    UpToDate: "Overview of nontuberculous mycobacterial infections," "Treatment of lung infection with Mycobacterium kansasii and other less common nontuberculous mycobacteria in adults," "Buruli ulcer (mycobacterium ulcerans infection."

    Merck Manual (Consumer Version): "Infections Caused by Bacteria Related to Tuberculosis (TB)."

    Merck Manual (Professional Version): "Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Infections."

    National Organization for Rare Disorders: "NIH Gard Information: Mycobacterium Avium Complex infections."

    Journal of Pathogens: "General Overview on Nontuberculous Mycobacteria, Biofilms, and Human Infection."

    Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology: "Mycobacterium abscessus complex: A Review of Recent Developments in an Emerging Pathogen."

    Microbiology Spectrum: "Mycobacterium marinum."

    Cleveland Clinic: "Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Infections."

    American Lung Association: "Learn about NTM Lung Disease."

    Tuberculosis & Respiratory Diseases: "Treatment of Mycobacterium avium Complex Pulmonary Disease."

    Indian Journal of Medical Research: "Epidemiology, diagnosis & treatment of non-tuberculous mycobacterial diseases."

    University of Notre Dame (College of Science): "Study sheds light on immune response in Mycobacterium avium Complex infection."





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