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Taking Food Poisoning Lightly Can Lead To Liver Failure
Foodborne illnesses can cause symptoms ranging from diarrhoea and vomiting to severe dehydration, organ damage, or death. Acute viral hepatitis may result in jaundice, liver inflammation, and, in severe cases, liver failure leaving vulnerable sections such as children, pregnant women and the elderly at high risk.
Delaying treatment can lead to serious health issues including kidney shutdown and sepsis. "What makes people really weak are dehydration and electrolyte imbalance. So people with significant diarrhoea and/or vomiting should consult a doctor immediately," added Dr Rajeev.
Healthcare providers say hydration is the cornerstone treatment for both food poisoning and waterborne diseases. Oral rehydration solutions (ORS) and intravenous fluids are the first line of treatment to combat dehydration caused by severe diarrhoea and vomiting, apart from anti-diarrhoeal medications and pain relievers prescribed to manage symptoms. Food ordered from outside should not be kept at room temperature for long before consuming. "Keeping food at room temperature can help bacteria multiply. When we consume that food, infection occurs. There is a similar problem with fried rice as well, because bacillus cereus can grow in half-cooked rice kept on the kitchen counter and make toxins," Dr Rajeev said, adding that food, if cooked for several days' use, should promptly be stored in the refrigerator.
People need to be careful while eating outside as well. "Make sure the restaurant is clean, the staff wash their hands, and check if there are enough customers, as this usually means the food is fresh," he said, adding that people who consume shawarma should ensure that the meat is cooked properly.
FSSAI former CEO Pawan Agarwal stressed that food safety must go beyond regulations through enhanced public awareness and transform food systems for a future where healthy and sustainable food is accessible to all.
Kerala, Tamil Nadu top in food safety
Widespread awareness on food safety and food adulteration notwithstanding, only three states could score more than 60 in the rankings for food safety index (2023-24) by FSSAI. Among the big states, Kerala emerged as the top performer, followed closely by Tamil Nadu, and Gujarat, scoring 73.75, 67, and 61.75 points respectively. Jammu and Kashmir recorded the highest score of 64.25 among UTs. Many states including Madhya Pradesh, Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Maharashtra, Odisha, Jharkhand, and Uttarakhand have recorded decline in safety standards.
"Only three states and one UT managed to achieve the standard set by FSSAI. The need for immediate intervention with enhanced investments in infrastructure, training, stringent enforcement and punishment against violators, provisioning of safe drinking water in every household and consumer awareness are key to reversing these trends," said health and nutrition expert Basanta Kumar Kar.
(With inputs from Anna Jose @ Kochi)
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